LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.2.1. - SOIL SCREW^®Retention Wall System Installation Sequence

Figure 1.2.2 - External Failure Modes: a) Sliding and b) Bearing Capacity

Figure 1.2.4. - Theoretical Failure Surface for Screw Anchor vs. Grouted Soil Nail

Figure 1.2.5. - Comparison of Tieback Wall and the SOIL SCREW^®Retention Wall System

Figure 1.2.6. - Comparison of Lateral Displacements Between a Soil Nail Wall and a Mechanically Stabilized Earth Wall

Figure 1.2.7. - Progressive loading in tension of nail No. 3 during successive excavation phases of the first full scale experimental wall at CEBTP (CLOUTERRE, 1986)

Figure 1.2.8. - The Wall at the North Entrance of the Cotiere Tunnel (TGV Rhone-Alpes, 1990)

Figure 1.3.1. - SOIL SCREW^®Retention Wall System Replacing Cast-in-Place Wall

Figure 1.3.2. - SOIL SCREW^®Retention Wall System Repair of Failed Crib Wall

Figure 1.3.3. - SOIL SCREW^®Retention Wall System used for Roadway Widening at Bridge Abutment

Figure 1.3.4. - SOIL SCREW^®Retention Wall System for Landslide Remediation

Figure 2.2.1. - Input Data Required for Design of a SOIL SCREW^®Retention Wall System

Figure 2.3.1. - Temporary Facing Detail Using Shotcrete and Welded Wire Mesh

Figure 2.3.2. - Conceptual Detail for Temporary Facing using Welded Wire Mesh

Figure 2.3.3. - Conceptual Detail for Temporary Facing using Timbers

Figure 2.3.4. - Typical Section through a SOIL SCREW^®Retention Wall System with SRW Facing

Figure 3.3.1. - External Failure Modes: a) Sliding and b) Bearing Capacity

Figure 3.3.2. - Global Stability

Figure 3.3.3. - Internal Failure Modes: a) Nail Pullout, b) Nail Rupture, and c) Face Failure

Figure 3.4.1. - External Stability, Horizontal Backslope with Traffic Surcharge

Figure 3.4.2. - External Stability, Sloping Backslope

Figure 3.4.3. - External Stability, Broken Backslope

Figure 3.4.4. - Meyerhof Stress Distribution

Figure 3.5.1. - Typical Screw Anchor Soil Nail

Figure 3.5.2. - Theoretical Failure Surface for Screw Anchor Soil Nail

Figure 3.5.3. - Bearing Capacity Factor, N_q, Versus Soil Friction Angle

Figure 3.5.4. - Typical Facing Earth Pressure Distribution

Figure 3.5.5. - Typical Facing System for a Temporary SOIL SCREW^®Retention Wall System

Figure 3.5.6. -Bearing Plate Connection (from FHWA SA-96-069)

Figure 3.5.7. -Cantilever Design above Upper Nail

Figure 3.5.8. - Screw Anchor Soil Nail Strength Envelope

Figure 3.5.9. - Internal Stability Free Body Diagram

Figure 3.8.1. - Typical Section through Tiered Wall

Figure 4.1.1. - Typical Partial Horizontal Cross Section through Permanent SOIL SCREW^®Retention Wall System

Figure 4.1.2. - SOIL SCREW^®Retention Wall System Components

Figure 4.1.3. -Typical Temporary Facing Detail

Figure 4.3.1. - Installation Equipment

Figure 4.4.1. - Soil Nail Wall Facing Construction Sequence

Figure 4.4.2. - Typical Soil Nail Wall Drainage Detail